[538][539][540] Until 2018 women were not permitted in sport stadiums. [326], Following the killing of Jamal Khashoggi, a nonbinding resolution was passed in the European Parliament on 25 October 2018, urging EU countries to impose an EU-wide arms embargo on Saudi Arabia. The US called for a ceasefire within 30 days. [429][430], The official language of Saudi Arabia is Arabic. The king introduced a number of economic reforms aimed at reducing the country's reliance on oil revenue: limited deregulation, encouragement of foreign investment, and privatization. (Ratio: 2:3), Royal Standard of the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia. [63], By the late Bronze Age, a historically recorded people and land (Midian and the Midianites) in the north-western portion of Saudi Arabia are well-documented in the Bible. [305] The leaked US Department of State memo, dated 17 August 2014, says that "governments of Qatar and Saudi Arabia...are providing clandestine financial and logistic support to ISIS and other radical groups in the region. [323] France authorized $18 billion in weapons sales to Saudi Arabia in 2015 alone. [457] There are around 100,000 Westerners in Saudi Arabia, most of whom live in compounds or gated communities. For other uses, see, ٱلْمَمْلَكَة ٱلْعَرَبِيَّة ٱلسَّعُوْدِيَّة, لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله, Political, economic, and social changes of the 2010s.

[549][550], According to a leading Saudi feminist and journalist, Wajeha al-Huwaider, "Saudi women are weak, no matter how high their status, even the 'pampered' ones among them, because they have no law to protect them from attack by anyone.

[76], The Lihyanites fell into the hands of the Nabataeans around 65 BC upon their seizure of Hegra then marching to Tayma, and to their capital Dedan in 9 BC. In January 2020, several other WWE superstars casted doubt over visiting Saudi, following the heightened tensions in Middle East due to assassination of Qassem Soleimani.[545]. [297], On 17 September 2020, The Guardian released an exclusive report revealing that Saudi Arabia was paving the way for domestic production of nuclear fuel. [547] Other sources had complained of an absence of laws criminalizing violence against women. [197] Final appeal from both Sharia courts and government tribunals is to the King and all courts and tribunals follow Sharia rules of evidence and procedure. Kebabs and falafel are popular, as is shāwarmā (shawarma), a marinated grilled meat dish of lamb, mutton, or chicken. [301], The relations with the U.S. became strained following 9/11 terror attacks. [145], The rule of the Al Saud faces political opposition from four sources: Sunni Islamist activism; liberal critics; the Shi'ite minority—particularly in the Eastern Province; and long-standing tribal and regionalist particularistic opponents (for example in the Hejaz). Saudi Arabia is considered an "energy superpower". The Saudi Arabia national football team is considered as one of Asia's most successful national teams, having reached a joint record 6 AFC Asian Cup finals, winning three of those finals (1984, 1988, and 1996) and having qualified for the World Cup four consecutive times ever since debuting at the 1994 tournament. [327] Germany became the first Western government to suspend future arms deal with the kingdom after Angela Merkel stated that "arms exports can't take place in the current circumstances. [502][501] No churches, temples or other non-Muslim houses of worship are permitted in the country. (Ratio: 2:3), Flag of the Royal Saudi Air Defense Force (Ratio: 2:3), Naval Ensign of Saudi Arabia. At Jizan in the country's well-watered southwest, the Al-Hikmah Research Station is producing tropical fruits including pineapples, paw-paws, bananas, mangoes and guavas.

[70] The nomadic Midianites were one of the earliest exploiters of the domestication of camels that enabled them to navigate through the harsh terrains of the region. [117], King Khalid died of a heart attack in June 1982. [143], By custom, all males of full age have a right to petition the king directly through the traditional tribal meeting known as the majlis. [546], Under Saudi law, every adult female must have a male relative as her "guardian" (wali),[546] As of 2008, a woman was required to have permission from her male guardian in order to travel, study, or work. ", "These may be the world's first images of dogsand they're wearing leashes", The World around the Old Testament: The People and Places of the Ancient Near East, The political map of Arabia and the Middle East in the third century AD revealed by a Sabaean inscription, "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia", Reaching for Power: The Shi'a in the Modern Arab World, "History of Saudi Arabia. In addition, Sunni Islamic prohibition of creating representations of people have limited the visual arts, which tend to be dominated by geometric, floral, and abstract designs and by calligraphy. File orixenałe ‎(file en formato SVG, dimension nominałi 900 × 600 pixel, dimension del file: 19 KB). The royal family dominates the political system. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is widespread.[142].   ( The Saudi National Day 23, Sep )", "Dozens detained in Saudi over flood protests", "Saudis mobilise thousands of troops to quell growing revolt", "Saudi ruler offers $36bn to stave off uprising amid warning oil price could double", "Saudi king gives billion-dollar cash boost to housing, jobs – Politics & Economics", "King Abdullah Returns to Kingdom, Enacts Measures to Boost the Economy", "Saudi Arabia's king announces huge jobs and housing package", "Saudi King to Spend $67 Billion on Housing, Jobs in Bid to Pacify Citizens", "Saudi Arabia announces municipal elections", "Saudi Women Inspired by Fall of Mubarak Step Up Equality Demand", "Saudis vote in municipal elections, results on Sunday", "Internet Censorship in Arab Countries: Religious and Moral Aspects", "The world's enduring dictators: Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz, Saudi Arabia", "To really combat terror, end support for Saudi Arabia", "Saudi Arabia recalls its ambassador to Sweden", "Encyclopædia Britannica Online: Saudi Arabia", "Divided We Survive: A Landscape of Fragmentation in Saudi Arabia", "The House of Saud: rulers of modern Saudi Arabia", "Saudi King Abdullah to go to US for medical treatment", "Prince Salman resumes duties at governorate", "Mohammed bin Nayef kingpin in new Saudi Arabia: country experts", "Prince Sultan bin Abdel Aziz of Saudi Arabia Dies", "Obituary: Prince Nayef bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud", "The corrupt, feudal world of the House of Saud", "A Nation Challenged: The Plots; Saudi Arabia Also a Target Of Attacks, U.S. Officials Say", "Saudi bribe claims delay £20bn fighter deal", "BAE accused of secretly paying £1bn to Saudi prince", "BAE Systems sued over alleged Saudi bribes", "Prince Bandar denies BAE bribery claims", "Lord Goldsmith defends BAE Systems plea deal", "Saudi Arabia Arrests 11 Princes, Including Billionaire Alwaleed bin Talal", "Reform in Saudi Arabia: At a snail's pace", "The Power of Saudi Arabia's Islamic Leaders", "International: Law of God versus law of man; Saudi Arabia", "Saudi Arabian justice: Cruel, or just unusual?

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